Gentoo

I know, it sounds odd, but: Arch! Once my best friend wanted to try linux. So he asked me, which distro to use. I gave him an honest answer: “I use Arch. But for beginners I would recommend Mint.” He don’t gave a shit and installed Arch anyways 😅 - with success! That’s when I noticed, that the Arch Wiki is actually SO GOOD, that even a newbie can install Arch without any help. It’s just a bit more time expensive, compared to distros with an installer. However, there are some huge benefits, that made me switch to Arch:

• I used Ubuntu on my daily driver before. However “stable” packages means in this case “antique”. A 3 years old version of Sway isn’t more stable than the newest release version.
• I never survived a dist-upgrade. That’s why i prefer a roling release linux today.
• Your system is slim, because you only install what you really need. Also you know your system this way.
• Especially for gaming it’s good to have the newest kernel + drivers.

However, you should also notice the down sides. Sometimes an update breaks something. It doesn’t happens often, but it happens. A few years ago the bluetooth stack was broken, so i wasn’t able to use my headset during a meeting. However they released a fix like a few hours later, so I just needed to update. But still: That’s something to consider too.

Here are some tips once you have chosen:

You can change your desktop environment later.

If you do your install with seperate partitions for /home and others, leave 10% unallocated. Also make /bin about 15gb and /boot about 1.5gb. When you eventually run out of space, you can use KDE Partition manager to add the unallocated space to the partition you need, even if you set up encryption (gparted doesn’t play well with encryption). You can install Partition manager as a package, you don’t need to use KDE Plasma.

Using a drive mirror is a good idea. Maybe use it the second time you install.

If you want to use a cool filesys like zfs, just use btrfs for now (licensing issues). Ext4 will also work for desktop user needs.

If you go with Debian, you can add repos to your /etc/apt/sources.list file. But it is a one-way trip, so before adding sid, consider running your program in a vm. Non-free non-free-firmware and contrib are fine

There are two “just works” distros I recommend to new users: Bazzite or Fedora.

Start with Bazzite. It is familiar and has lots of guardrails so it’s nearly impossible to break.

If you decide you want more control over your system later, switch to Fedora KDE.

If you decide you want even more control and flexibility, consider CachyOS or OpenSUSE Tumbleweed.

You will see Mint recommended a lot, but I don’t like it. The default desktop — Cinnamon — is very Windows 95, and I much prefer KDE Plasma, which doesn’t work well on Mint. Mint also has driver issues with newer hardware. But if you like retro and your hardware is older, give it a try.

Avoid Pop_OS right now. It’ll probably be amazing in a year, but the new Cosmic desktop (currently a beta) has a lot of annoying bugs with common linux GUI packages.

LFS

Bazzite, i tried arch and then realized the whole wiki was like a uni level symposium and was burning through steps, kept doing instead of understanding, etc…

It’s probably amazing, but since my only interaction with linux back then was being forced to use it at uni and windows, I really wanted a good experience of what linux could be. I needed it to work out of the box and be unbreakable, so I went with bazzite.

It’s great, and I am digging the immutable aspect even if it broke my brain for any dev work, but once you learn how to use an immutable system (still figuring it out tbh) it’s solid, easy, and works great.

Really wished there was more resources on immutable systems for newcomers though XD

Always great to see more people curious about Linux, especially when the motivation is escaping ms-bullshit…

If she wants something that just works but still feels polished and professional, I’d actually give openSUSE a look. Leap is rock-solid and perfect for people who want a stable system that behaves consistently and doesn’t demand much maintenance. Tumbleweed, on the other hand, is rolling release, so it’s always up to date but still surprisingly reliable thanks to openSUSE’s testing process.

Both use YaST, which is one of the best control panels in the Linux world. You can do a lot with YaST, like manage users, partitions, updates, drivers, and networking all from one place without ever touching the terminal.

Mint is also a fine choice as well…

Fedora Silverblue (GNOME) or Kinoite (KDE) are great for a “hands-off” OS. They are atomic so very hard to accidentally fuck up the system. Apps are installed easily via the GUI software center. I tried both when I switched to Linux and found I loved the simple but powerful and delightful-to-use experience of the GNOME desktop.

Show her some pictures or videos of DEs and see what she likes. If she’s someone who likes to make it look the way she wants, she might get a bit more out of KDE than Cinnamon for example.

I would recommend either Debian or Devuan - both are absolutely rock stable and are a good entry level drug for the Debian based ecosystem. I personally like Devuan more (it just feels more mature and has more old mature community members).

I’m honestly astounded at how many people are suggesting Mint. I recently switched full time to linux and even as a software dev, Mint has to be one of the worst experiences I’ve had with a computer. Not only driver issues, but software issues and general buginess. Along with being butt-ugly, I do not think any windows user is going to confuse Mint for Windows.

I switched my wife to Bazzite (not necessarily recommending that) and she literally didn’t notice it was a different operating system (even though I told her it was and walked her through it). Bazzite has a nice UI for installing pretty much anything a normie would be thinking to install. The only issue we’ve had so far is that Dropbox just outright does not work on it. I’ve filed a bug with them and have been awaiting a response from their dev team for like two months now. I’m sure they’ll fix it eventually, but if you need the Dropbox UI (you can use rsync otherwise) then don’t choose Bazzite.

As for myself, after trying out like 6 different OSes, I settled on CachyOS. There are still issues, but it’s pretty dang stable and they’re very fast to fix issues. It’s not for a person not willing to touch a terminal at least once though.

Did this with my SO, they have mint like me. And they like it!

They wanted puppy linux though xD

Coming up on 10 years since I switched from windows to Linux. I tried Ubuntu and absolutely hated it, so much so that I switched back to windows at first. But I kept reading and tried ZorinOS, and that got me comfortable with Linux, it was a little buggy but I could understand it.

After a few months with ZorinOS I switched to Linux Mint and have been running Mint for 9 years. Recently my 76 year old mother who has trouble with some basic computer stuff said she’d like to try Linux and asked me to help her, I made a live USB of Mint for her to try and she told me “I can understand this, it’s like windows 7!”. If she can get Mint, I feel totally confident recommending it to new users.

Everyone hypes Mint but if you’re working with newish hardware you might have a bad time due to the drivers taking a while to mature and filter down through all the distros. If her rig is a couple years old it should work just fine though. I would also suggest trying out Kubuntu, Pop!_OS, PikaOS, and Zorin if that is the case.

If she is on brand new hardware then something Arch based is the way to go IMO. CachyOS, Garuda, and EndeavorOS are all Arch based distros that make setup easy and they’ve all worked great for me out of the box. Honestly if you have snapshots configured with timeshift or something being on a rolling distro isn’t as scary as it’s made out to be. Fedora is an option too as they get updates every 6 months, but there is a little extra setup to do after install like media codecs and proprietary drivers etc.

Cachyos was my personal pick and it’s working perfect for me so far.

Put Linux on one of those spare hard drives and simply mount the existing drive as a second drive in Linux.

This will give you access to all your current files from within Linux without having to do anything. Move over what you want and need as you use Linux. At some point, you will probably want to reformat the original Windows drive for extra space. You could consider mounting it as /home at that point.

Choosing a distro is a matter of taste. I can tell you though that I have moved a few Windows users to Linux Mint and they are all happy with it. My last one was LMDE (Mint with a Debian base).